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== Events == === Up to 1800 === * [[153 BC]] – [[Roman consul]]s begin their [[year]] in office. * [[45 BC]] – The [[Julian calendar]] is first used. * [[193]] – The day after [[Commodus]] is murdered, the [[Roman Senate]] chooses [[Pertinax]] to succeed him as [[Roman emperor]]. * [[1001]] – [[Stephen I of Hungary|Stephen I]] is named as the first [[King of Hungary]] by [[Pope Sylvester II]]. * [[1438]] – [[Albert II of Habsburg]] is crowned [[King of Hungary]]. * [[1502]] – [[Exploration]] of the place where [[Rio de Janeiro]] is now. The name means "River of January". It is named because its [[bay]] was mistaken for a [[river]]. * [[1515]] – [[Francis I of France|Francis I]] becomes [[King of France]]. * [[1600]] – [[Scotland]] begins its numbered year on January 1 instead of [[March 25]]. * [[1651]] – [[Charles II of England|Charles II]] becomes [[King of Scotland]]. * [[1660]] – [[Samuel Pepys]] starts writing his famous [[diary]]. * [[1700]] – [[Russia]] starts using Western numbers for its [[Russian calendar|calendar]]. * [[1707]] – [[John V of Portugal|John V]] becomes [[King of Portugal]]. * [[1739]] – [[Bouvet Island]] in the [[South Atlantic Ocean]] is discovered by Frenchman [[Jean-Baptiste Charles Bouvet de Lozier]]. * [[1776]] – [[American Revolutionary War]]: [[Norfolk, Virginia]] is burned by combined [[Royal Navy]] and [[Continental Army]] action. * [[1781]] – [[The Iron Bridge]] built from plans by [[Abraham Darby III]] in [[Coalbrookdale]] on the [[England]]-[[Wales]] border, is officially opened. * [[1788]] – In [[London]], the first issue of ''[[The Times]]'' [[newspaper]] is printed. * [[1800]] – The [[Dutch East India Company]] ends. === 1801–1900 === * [[1801]] – The [[Act of Union 1800]] begins to have effect and the [[United Kingdom of Great Britain]] and the [[Kingdom of Ireland]] join to make the [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland]]. * [[1801]] – [[Giuseppe Piazzi]] discovers the [[dwarf planet]] [[Ceres]] in the [[Solar System]]'s [[asteroid belt]]. * [[1804]] – [[France]] stops ruling [[Haiti]]. Haiti becomes independent. * [[1808]] – The [[United States]] makes a law making it illegal to bring [[slave]]s from other countries. * [[1810]] – [[Lachlan Macquarie]] becomes [[Governor of New South Wales]]. * [[1833]] – The [[United Kingdom]] claims the [[Falkland Islands]]. * [[1845]] – The [[Philippines]] adopt the [[Gregorian calendar]], with the [[International Date Line]] being shifted to its [[east]]. [[December 31]], [[1844]] is skipped. * [[1860]] – [[Flood]]s in [[Araluen, New South Wales|Araluen]] and [[Braidwood, New South Wales]] kill 24 people. * [[1860]] – The first [[Poland|Polish]] [[postage stamp]] is issued. * [[1863]] – [[Abraham Lincoln]] signs the [[Emancipation Proclamation]] during the second year of the [[American Civil War]]. * [[1873]] – [[Japan]] starts using the [[Gregorian calendar]]. * [[1874]] – [[The Bronx]] becomes part of [[New York City]]. * [[1877]] – [[Queen Victoria]] is given the title of [[Empress of India]]. * [[1880]] – Workers start building the [[Panama Canal]]. * [[1885]] – Twenty-five countries adopt [[Sandford Fleming]]'s proposal for [[Standard time]] ([[time zone]]s). * [[1890]] – In [[East Africa]], the [[Italian Eritrea|Italian Colony of Eritrea]] is founded. * [[1892]] – [[Ellis Island]] starts to take people moving to live in the [[United States]]. * [[1894]] – In [[England]], the [[Manchester Ship Canal]] is officially opened. * [[1897]] – [[Brooklyn]] joins with [[New York City]]. * [[1898]] – [[New York City]] and places around it join to make the [[City of Greater New York]]. * [[1899]] – [[Spain|Spanish]] rule in [[Cuba]] ends. * [[1899]] – [[Queens]] and [[Staten Island]] join with [[New York City]]. === 1901–1950 === * [[1901]] – [[Australia]] becomes self-governed. * [[1901]] – [[Nigeria]] becomes a British [[protectorate]]. * [[1908]] – For the first time, at what is now [[Times Square]] in [[New York City]], a ball is dropped at [[midnight]] at the start of the [[New Year]]. * [[1911]] – In [[Australia]], the [[Northern Territory]] separates from [[South Australia]] and is transferred to [[Commonwealth of Nations|Commonwealth]] control. * [[1912]] – The [[Republic of China]] begins, under [[Sun Yat-sen]]. * [[1913]] – The [[British Board of Censors]] is founded. * [[1927]] – [[Turkey]] starts to use the [[Gregorian calendar]]. * [[1934]] – [[Alcatraz]] becomes a federal [[prison]]. * [[1937]] – [[Safety glass]] on [[vehicle]] windscreens becomes [[law]] in the [[United Kingdom]]. * [[1939]] – A [[temperature]] of 45 degrees [[Celsius]] is recorded in [[Sydney]], [[Australia]], a record for the city. * [[1941]] – In [[Austria]], the [[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]] holds its first [[New Year's Day]] [[concert]]. * [[1942]] – The Declaration of the [[United Nations]] is signed by 26 countries. * [[1945]] – [[World War II]]: The German [[Luftwaffe]] launches [[Operation Bodenplatte]] to destroy [[Allies of World War II|Allied]] air power in northern [[Europe]]. The operation failed. * [[1947]] – The [[Canadian Citizenship Act]] takes effect: [[Prime Minister of Canada]] [[William Lyon Mackenzie King]] becomes the first official Canadian citizen. * [[1947]] – The [[Bizone]] is formed out of the [[British occupation zone|British]] and American Occupation zones in [[Germany]]. This later becomes [[West Germany]]. * [[1948]] – The [[Constitution]] of [[Italy]] takes effect. * [[1948]] – The [[British Rail]] network is [[Nationalization|nationalized]]. * [[1949]] – A [[UN]] [[ceasefire]] to stop the fighting in [[Kashmir]] takes effect. * [[1949]] – [[Austria]] regains control of its border with [[Italy]] from the British. === 1951–2000 === * [[1953]] – A short-lasting [[republic]] is declared in the [[Maldives]]. * [[1956]] – [[Sudan]] becomes independent. * [[1956]] – Panic and a stampede at a [[New Year]] event at Yahiko [[Shrine]], Yahiko, [[Niigata Prefecture|Niigata]], [[Japan]], kill at least 124 people. * [[1958]] – [[Treaty|Treaties]] creating the [[European Union|European Economic Community]] take effect. * [[1959]] – [[Fidel Castro]] takes control in [[Cuba]], as [[Fulgencio Batista]] flees [[Havana]]. * [[1960]] – [[Cameroon]] becomes independent. * [[1962]] – [[Western Samoa]] becomes independent. * [[1964]] – ''[[Top of the Pops]]'' is first shown on the [[BBC]]. Its last show is in [[2006]]. * [[1966]] – The [[Australian dollar]] replaces the [[pound sterling]] as the official [[currency]] of [[Australia]]. * [[1966]] – [[Jean-Bédel Bokassa]] becomes president of the [[Central African Republic]]. * [[1968]] – [[Flood]]s in [[Bahia]], [[Brazil]] kill 200 people. * [[1971]] – [[Cigarette]] [[advertisement]]s are banned on American [[television]]. * [[1972]] – [[Kurt Waldheim]] becomes [[Secretary-General of the United Nations]]. * [[1973]] – The [[UK]], [[Republic of Ireland]] and [[Denmark]] join the [[European Union|European Economic Community]]. * [[1978]] – The [[Northern Mariana Islands]]' [[constitution]] becomes effective. * [[1978]] – [[Air India]] Flight 855, a [[Boeing 747]], crashes into the [[sea]] near [[Bombay]], killing 213 people. * [[1979]] – [[Diplomat]]ic relations between the [[United States]] and the [[People's Republic of China]] begin. * [[1980]] – [[Victoria, Crown Princess of Sweden]] becomes heir to the [[Sweden|Swedish]] throne, as [[Order of succession|succession]] laws are changed. * [[1981]] – [[Palau]] becomes self-governed. * [[1981]] – [[Greece]] joins the [[European Union|European Economic Community]]. * [[1982]] – [[Javier Pérez de Cuéllar]] becomes [[Secretary-General of the United Nations]]. * [[1984]] – [[Brunei]] becomes independent. * [[1985]] – [[Greenland]] leaves the European Community. * [[1986]] – [[Spain]] and [[Portugal]] join the [[European Union|European Economic Community]]. * [[1986]] – [[Aruba]] separates from [[Curaçao]]. * [[1990]] – [[David Dinkins]] becomes the first [[African American]] [[mayor]] of [[New York City]]. * [[1992]] – [[Boutros Boutros-Ghali]] becomes Secretary-General of the [[United Nations]]. * [[1993]] – [[Czechoslovakia]] splits into [[Slovakia]] and the [[Czech Republic]]. * [[1994]] – The [[North American Free Trade Agreement]] (NAFTA) takes effect. * [[1995]] – [[Kiribati]] becomes the first country to enter the [[New Year]], after the [[International Date Line]] is shifted to its east, skipping [[December 31]], [[1994]]. * [[1995]] – [[Austria]], [[Finland]] and [[Sweden]] join the [[European Union]]. * [[1995]] – The [[World Trade Organisation]] is started. * [[1995]] – The [[Draupner wave]] is detected in the [[North Sea]] off [[Norway]], proving the existence of freak waves. * [[1997]] – [[Kofi Annan]] becomes [[Secretary-General of the United Nations]]. * [[2000]] – Start of the [[3rd millennium]]. === From 2001 === * [[2002]] – The [[euro]] currency starts being used in 12 [[European Union]] member states. * [[2002]] – [[Michael Bloomberg]] becomes [[Mayor]] of [[New York City]]. * [[2003]] – [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]] becomes [[President of Brazil]]. * [[2007]] – [[Ban Ki-moon]] becomes [[Secretary-General of the United Nations]]. * [[2007]] – [[Bulgaria]] and [[Romania]] officially join the [[European Union]]. [[Bulgarian language|Bulgarian]], [[Romanian language|Romanian]], and [[Irish language|Irish]] become [[official language]]s of the European Union, joining 20 other official languages. * [[2007]] – [[Slovenia]] starts to use the [[euro]]. * [[2007]] – Adam Air Flight 574 disappears over [[Indonesia]]. It is later known to have crashed with 102 people on board. * [[2008]] – [[Cyprus]] and [[Malta]] start to use the [[euro]]. * [[2009]] – 66 people die in a nightclub [[fire]] in [[Bangkok]]. * [[2009]] – [[Same-sex marriage]] officially becomes legal in [[Norway]]. * [[2009]] – [[Slovakia]] starts to use the [[euro]]. * [[2010]] – A [[suicide]] bombing at a [[volleyball]] game in Lakki Marwat, [[Pakistan]], kills 105 people. * [[2011]] – [[Estonia]] starts to use the [[euro]]. * [[2011]] – [[Dilma Rousseff]] becomes [[President of Brazil]]. * [[2013]] – A crush after a [[New Year]] celebration in [[Abidjan]], [[Ivory Coast]], kills over 60 people. * [[2014]] – [[Latvia]] starts using the [[euro]]. * [[2014]] – [[Bill de Blasio]] becomes [[Mayor]] of [[New York City]]. * [[2015]] – [[Lithuania]] starts using the [[euro]]. * [[2015]] – The [[Eurasian Economic Union]] enters into force. Its members are [[Russia]], [[Belarus]], [[Armenia]], [[Kazakhstan]] and [[Kyrgyzstan]]. * [[2015]] – [[Same-sex marriage]] officially becomes legal in [[Luxembourg]]. * [[2016]] – The number of official [[region]]s in [[France]] (not including overseas territories) is cut from 22 down to 13. * [[2017]] – 39 people are killed in a [[Terrorism|terrorist]] attack on a nightclub in [[Istanbul]], [[Turkey]]. * [[2017]] – [[Antonio Guterres]] becomes [[Secretary-General of the United Nations]]. * [[2017]] – A [[prison]] riot in [[Manaus]], [[Brazil]], leaves at least 60 inmates dead. * [[2018]] – [[California]] legalises [[cannabis]] for [[recreation]]al use. * [[2024]] – [[2024 Sea of Japan earthquake]] in Noto Peninsula of [[Ishikawa Prefecture]], [[Japan]] happans.
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